Determinants of Dividend Policy of Cement Industy of Pakistan

RESEARCH PROPOSAL DETERMINANTS OF DIVIDEND POLICY OF CEMENT INDUSTY OF PAKISTAN Submitted To Dr. Ahmed Faisal Imtiaz Siddiqi Submitted By Muhammad Waqar Akram ID 12002096-010 Programme MS- pay Batch-02 INTRODUCTION Dividend Policy refers to the explicit or implicit termination of the Board of Directors regarding the amount of residual cyberspace (past or present) that should be distri anded to the sh atomic number 18holders of the partnership This decision is considered a financing decision because the profits of the corporation argon an important source of financing forthcoming to the devoted.Dividend form _or_ system of government is a maven of the most debated topics and a core theory of corporate finance which restrained keeps its dramatic place. Many researchers presented various theories and uncountable empirical evidences, but the issue is in time unresolved and open for advance discussion. It is among top hug drug unresolved problems in the finance literature a nd we excite not an adequate explanation for the detect dividend behavior of the inviolables There are several reasons whether firms should recompense dividends or not. The dividend lay why firms pay dividends and stock holders pay attention to dividends and still unresolved.Many hypotheses have been drawn to shed some light on this puzzle but the problem still exists. Normally a firm faces the problem of apportionment of earnings, whether to distribute among shareholders or retaining for reinvestment and promote the firm growth. Retained earnings are a main internal source of financing, but high well-kept earning mean fewer dividends and vice versa. The cementum sector is a prominent sector of Pakistan and works as an engine of economic growth in the economy. It provides employment to a large number of people (directly & indirectly).Cement production condenser in Pakistan is 44 jillion tons annually while local demand is only 24 million tons, leaving a senseless of 20 m illion tons. Cement manufactured in Pakistan is being exported to Afghanistan and aboriginal Asian States below terms. During FY-11 cement industry exported over 4 million tons to these markets and the industry is optimistic that exports to Afghanistan and Central Asian States shall increase further since these countries are landlocked and Pakistan is the only country which is able to supply cement at competitive rates.So, it is important to find the factors that determine and affecting the dividend payout form _or_ system of government of this sector. LITERTURE REVIEW Over the past 50 years a big attention was given to determine the factors influencing dividend payout insurance. A vast literature is available in this regard, however, the puzzle is still unresolved and open for further discussion. wherefore do firms pay dividends? further he raises a second question, wherefore do investors pay attention to dividends? although, the answers may appear clear, (Black 1998)but Bl ack concludes that they are not.As we try to explain the fact, the more it seems homogeneous a puzzle, with pieces that just do not fit together. Various factors cornerstone be considered as the determinants of dividend payout indemnity and a number of logics for dividend payout insurance have been declared in the literature, however, the researchers are not agreed on a single point. In genuine economies, the decision whether paying dividends or keep as retained earnings has been taken very carefully by both investors and the management of the firm. (Adaoglu 2000) By paying a sufficient amount of dividend firms can prevent from the delegacy problem.The dividend payouts are subservient to keep firms in the market, where monitoring of managers is available at low cost. The managers make financial policy quite a little-offs to control agency cost in an effective way(Amidu and Abor 2006) A free change flow is helpful for a firm to share it with stockholders as dividends and pay the debt in hostelry to reduce the possibility of these funds being wasted on idle projects(Pettit 1972) Firms investment policies have a significant impact on its dividend payout policy the firms with less investment plans has greater amount to distribute as dividends.Due to the higher(prenominal) investment opportunities firms deprive from higher dividends to lower. So the investment opportunities has a ostracize relationship to the dividend payouts(Farinha 2003) Another factor affecting the dividend policy is the ownership of firm earth owned firms follow a smooth dividend pattern as compare to family owned firms. The family owned firms are uneager to pay dividends, whereas the state owned firms are more reluctant to diminish the dividend amount.The insider ownership likewise play a significant role in dividend policy(Imran 1997 Okpara 2010) The dividend policy is sort of disparate in emerging markets as compare to developed economies, and seems to be affected by a number of factors(Al-Kuwari 2009) Due to several reasons like taxes pay procedure, stock market volatility and certain asymmetryinformation the dividend payout pattern is different in emerging markets as compare to developed nations.Another reason is that in emerging markets the firms focus on dividend payout ratios as compare to the level of dividends paid(Al-Kuwari 2009 Terra 2011) high the earnings of a firm, greater the size and firms with foreign ownership pick out to distribute a higher and constant amount in dividend payouts harmonise to their earnings and size(Eriotis 2011) The liquidity of the firm leaves a negative impact on the firms dividend payout decision.The stock market liquidity and dividend are substitutes in the sight of investors, so the firms dividend policy is associated to the liquidity of its common stock. As a result firms with more liquid common stock, distribute less cash dividend(Amidu 2007) The more profitable firms are willing to distribute a higher amount of dividend payouts. The greater profitability not only commandingly affects the firms genuine dividend but dividend yield also. Whereas, the riskier firms distribute lower dividends and hence lower dividend yields.The firms which can easily fulfill their short term needs and want to better their current payouts than last year are more willing to pay dividend(Fama and French 2002) OBJECTIVE Companies pays dividend smoothly on regular basis Dividend payout policy depend on size of firm Profitability(Net Profit) of company effect dividend policy Growing companies (Growth in sale) pays dividend on regular basis Investment prospect (Retained earnings) effect the dividend policy intrusion of liquidity (cash flows) on dividend policy Impact of supplement (Debt to Equity ratio) on dividend policyTHEORITICAL FRAM WORK DATA COLLECTION & PROPOSED methodology Investigates the factors determine the dividend payout policy of Pakistani cement companies listed on KSE. The entropy use is d erived from Balance Sheet Analysis of KSE listed companies published by companies, covered the ten year period 2001 to 2010 of 26 companies. (companies depends upon availability of data) The nature of the data allows us the use regression analysis to build relationship amongst dividend payout policy and factors which influence dividend policy HYPOTHESISH1 Cement companies pays smooth or stable in paying dividend H2 Positive relationship of dividend payout and size(Total Assets) of company H3 Positive relationship between Profitability(Net Profit) of company & dividend payout H4 Positive relationship between growth(Growth in sale) and dividend payout H5 There is positive relationship between liquidity (Quick Ratio) & dividend payout. H6 There is negative relationship of leverage (Debt to Equity ratio) & dividend payments H7 There is negative relationship between Investment chance (retained earnings/ numerate asset) and dividend payout Limitation Due to unavailability of all compani es data listed on KSE to construct a balance panel and for selected time period, the survey used data for twenty companies which represent more than 80 % of total cement industry. ?This study includes both types of firms (e. g. dividend paying and non paying firms). ?There are many determinants of dividend policy but only six determinates have been taken. References Adaoglu, C. (2000). dissymmetry in the dividend policy of the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) corporations evidence from an emerging market. acclivitous Markets refreshen 1(3) 252-270. Al-Kuwari, D. (2009). Determinants of the dividend policy in emerging stock exchanges The case of GCC countries. world(prenominal) Economy & finance Journal 2(2) 38-63. Amidu, M. (2007). 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